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河南周口堤坝溃口致农田鱼塘被淹，消防昼夜排涝28万立方米_我的网站

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A | Are 3D mammograms better than standard 2D imaging for catching advanced cancers?A clinical trial is recruiting thousands of volunteers — including a large number of Black women who face disparities in breast cancer death rates — to try to find out.People like Carole Stovall, a psychologist in Washington, D.C., have signed up for the study to help answer the question.“We all need a mammogram anyway, so why not do it with a study that allows the scientists to understand more and move closer to finding better treatments and ways of maybe even preventing it?” Stovall said.The underrepresentation of women and minorities in research is a long-simmering issue affecting health problems including Alzheimer’s disease, stroke and COVID-19. Trials without diversity lead to gaps in understanding of how new treatments work for all people. “Until we get more Black women into clinical trials, we can’t change the science. And we need better science for Black bodies,” said Ricki Fairley, a breast cancer survivor and advocate who is working on the issue.Black women are 40% more likely to die from breast cancer than white women and tend to be diagnosed younger. But it’s not clear whether 3D mammography is better for them, said Dr. Worta McCaskill-Stevens of the National Cancer Institute.“Are there populations for whom this might be important to have early diagnosis?" asked McCaskill-Stevens. "Or is it harmful,” causing too many false alarms or unneeded follow-up tests and treatments?McCaskill-Stevens, who is Black, leads NCI’s efforts to boost access to cancer research in minority and rural communities. She has joined the study herself.The newer 3D technique has been around for a decade, but there’s never been conclusive evidence that it's better than 2D at detecting advanced cancers. The screening technique combines multiple pictures of the breast taken from different angles to create a 3D-like image. Both 3D and 2D mammograms compress the breast and use low doses of radiation.Prior studies suggest that 3D finds more cancers than 2D, but catching more cancers doesn’t necessarily mean more lives saved. Some cancers missed by standard screening may not progress or need treatment. Previous studies did not randomly assign patients to a screening method, the gold standard for research.The notion “that if it’s new, it’s shiny, then it’s better,” isn’t necessarily true, McCaskill-Stevens said. “Until we have the evidence to support that, then we need well-designed randomized trials.”The trial has enrolled nearly 93,000 women so far with a goal of 128,000. The NCI-funded study is now running in Canada, South Korea, Peru, Argentina, Italy and 32 U.S. states. A site in Thailand will soon begin enrolling patients.“We added more international sites to enhance the trial’s diversity, particularly for Hispanic and Asian women,” said Dr. Etta Pisano, who leads the study. Overall, 42% of participants are Hispanic. As recruiting continues, enrolling Black women and other women of color will “absolutely” continue as a priority, Pisano said.Participants are randomly assigned to either 2D or 3D mammograms and are followed for several years. The number of advanced cancers detected by the two methods will be compared.At the U.S. study sites, 21% of study participants are Black women — that's higher than a typical cancer treatment study, in which 9% of participants are Black, McCaskill-Stevens said.The University of North Carolina has signed up more Black women than any other study site. Nearly a quarter of the nearly 3,000 women enrolled at UNC’s two locations are Black.“Women in North Carolina want to take part in something that’s bigger than them,” said Dr. Cherie Kuzmiak, who leads the UNC arm of the study. “They want this active role in helping determine the future of health care for women.”In Washington, D.C., word of mouth has led to successful recruiting. A chance encounter at her hair salon persuaded Stovall to join the research. While waiting for a hair appointment, she met Georgetown University cancer researcher Lucile Adams-Campbell. The two, both Black, started chatting.“She explained how important it was to get women of color into the program,” said Stovall, who jumped at the chance to catch up on her mammograms after the COVID-19 pandemic delayed screening for her and thousands of others.For Stovall, there was a personal reason to join the research. Her sister recently completed treatment for triple negative breast cancer, an aggressive type that affects Black women at higher rates than white women. Women ages 45 to 74 without a personal history of breast cancer are eligible for the study, which launched in 2017. Many women also are providing blood and cheek swab samples for a database that will be mined for insights.“It’s a dream that people had since the beginning of screening that we wouldn’t fit everybody into the same box,” Pisano said. The study's findings could “reduce disparities if we’re successful, assuming people have access to care.”Stovall, 72, had a brief scare when her mammogram, the traditional 2D type, showed something suspicious. A biopsy ruled out cancer.“I was extremely relieved,” Stovall said. “Everybody I know has heard from me about the need for them to go get a mammogram.”___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science and Educational Media Group. The AP is solely responsible for all content.。

B |

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近日，由于受贾鲁河溃口漫溢影响，河南省周口市城区及多个乡镇农田、鱼塘被淹。郑州消防救援机动支队在完成周口市城区内涝抽排任务后，又连夜转场，在多个村镇开展排涝作业。据郑州消防部门介绍，本次受灾区域涝情复杂、积水严重、影响范围广。当前正值玉米灌浆壮粒、花生结荚饱果的秋收关键窗口期，各类秋作物耐涝能力较弱，田间长期积水极易造成作物长势受损。因此，在完成周口市城区内涝抽排任务后，郑州消防救援机动支队指战员连夜转场驰援，携大功率"龙吸水”排涝车、专业抽水泵、输水带等全套抢险装备，火速奔赴川汇区西赵村、西华县逍遥镇李寨村等重灾村镇，全力开展田间、鱼塘排涝抢险作业，最大限度降低农户财产损失。其中，西华县逍遥镇李寨村受清渭河鄢陵段溃口影响，洪水漫溢南下入境，造成村内大面积积水。全村四座坑塘全部灌满积水，村南、村西低洼区域最深积水超3米，农田、村内道路大面积被淹，群众出行受阻、农田耕作全面停滞。川汇区西赵村因持续强降雨引发低洼地块重度积涝，全村受灾鱼塘面积46亩、受灾农田面积40亩，积水路段平均水深30厘米，最深达50厘米。

C | 持续淤积的积水导致玉米、花生等秋粮作物长期浸泡，存在大幅减产甚至绝收风险。

D | 同时，村内田间巷道、通行道路完全中断，村民日常出行、农事生产全面停滞，鱼塘积水漫溢还造成水产逃逸、养殖死亡等隐患，农户面临农业种植、水产养殖双重经济损失。抵达现场后，消防救援人员第一时间联合属地村干部实地踏勘全域涝情，精准摸排积水范围、积水深度及农田、鱼塘等受灾面积，结合村落地形地貌与积水分布特点科学研判，制定“分区布设、多点同步、昼夜不间断”的抽排作业方案。截至8月21日17时，两处受灾点位累计抽排积水约28万立方米。目前，周口市川汇区西赵村、西华县逍遥镇李寨村受阻道路已全部恢复通行，田间、鱼塘积水基本消退。当地农户已有序开展田间清淤、作物管护、鱼塘复产等灾后修复工作，区域农业生产秩序稳步恢复。